The choice between Hard Gelatin Capsules (HGC) and Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC) is the most critical decision in modern Italian formulation.
Gelatin Engineering: Composed of animal-derived collagen, gelatin capsules remain the gold standard for high-speed filling due to their superior mechanical strength and low friction. They have a standard water content of 13–16%, which provides the elasticity required for industrial-scale processing.
HPMC (Hypromellose): This plant-derived cellulose has become the standard for Italy’s €4 billion nutraceutical sector. With a significantly lower moisture profile (3–8%), HPMC capsules are essential for hygroscopic (moisture-sensitive) botanical extracts and probiotics, as they do not become brittle or undergo cross-linking under low-humidity conditions.